Policy mix or policy mess? Effects of cross-instrumental policy mix on eco-innovation in German firms

This paper evaluates the effectiveness of a policy mix between general innovation policies and environmental in fostering adoption global warming-related eco-innovations both short term long term. Focusing on process eco-innovations, we investigate whether combined impact instruments, which cross-instrumental mix, is greater than their individual impact. We examined data from Mannheim Innovation Panel German firms, investigating cross-sectional 2015 longitudinal two waves survey conducted 2009 2015. apply models, based respectively matching analysis panel analysis. find that has stronger positive effect instruments alone, In contrast, although expected relative to this argument not supported by our empirical results. Our study offers implications concerning coordination achieving an optimal mix.